process
▪ I. pro·cess AW 1 [process processes processed processing] noun, verb BrE [ˈprəʊses] NAmE [ˈprɑːses] NAmE [ˈproʊses]
see also ↑process 2
noun
1. a series of things that are done in order to achieve a particular result
•a consultation process
•to begin the difficult process of reforming the education system
• I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.
•mental processes
• Coming off the drug was a long and painful (= difficult) process for him.
•Find which food you are allergic to by a process of elimination.
•We're in the process of selling our house.
•I was moving some furniture and I twisted my ankle in the process (= while I was doing it).
see also ↑peace process
2. a series of things that happen, especially ones that result in natural changes
•the ageing process
• It's a normal part of the learning process.
3. a method of doing or making sth, especially one that is used in industry
•manufacturing processes
•a new process for rustproofing car bodies
Word Origin:
Middle English Old French proces Latin processus ‘progression, course’ procedere pro- ‘forward’ cedere ‘go’
Thesaurus:
process noun
1. C
•Getting things changed will be a slow process.
operation • • exercise • • procedure • • routine •
a major/successful/joint process/operation/exercise
go through a/an process/exercise/procedure/routine
carry out/supervise a/an process/operation/exercise/procedure
2. C
•advanced manufacturing processes
method • • technique • • system • • mechanism • • way • |formal methodology •
a process/method/technique/system/mechanism/methodology for (doing) sth
use a process/method/technique/system/way/methodology
devise/develop a process/method/technique/system/methodology
Language Bank:
process
Describing a process
▪ This diagram illustrates the process of ▪ paper-making. / This diagram shows how ▪ paper is made.
First ▪ / First of all ▪, logs are delivered to a paper mill, where the bark is removed and the wood is cut into small chips.
Next ▪ / Second ▪, the wood chips are pulped, either using chemicals or in a pulping machine.
▪ Pulping breaks down the internal structure of the wood and enables ▪ / allows ▪ the natural oils to ▪ be removed.
Once ▪ / After ▪ the wood has been pulped, the pulp is bleached in order to ▪ remove impurities. /…is bleached so that ▪ impurities can ▪ be removed.
The next stage is to ▪ feed the pulp into the paper machine, where it is mixed with water and then ▪ poured onto a wire conveyor belt.
As ▪ the pulp travels along the conveyor belt, the water drains away. This causes ▪ the solid material to ▪ sink to the bottom, forming a layer of paper.
At this point ▪ the new paper is still wet, so ▪ it is passed between large heated rollers, which press out the remaining water and simultaneously ▪ dry the paper. / …dry the paper at the same time ▪.
The final stage is to ▪ wind the paper onto large rolls. / Finally ▪, the paper is wound onto large rolls.
notes at ↑firstly, ↑lastly
Language Banks at ↑conclusion, ↑first
Example Bank:
•Any design process evolves over time as new information surfaces.
•As part of the registration process, the applicant will report certain information.
•Churches are taking a key role in the democratic process.
•Design is a collaborative process.
•Disputes and negotiations have slowed down the process.
•Each time we have to go through the whole decision-making process again.
•Excessive exposure to sunlight speeds up the ageing process of the skin.
•Here's how the process works in Finland.
•I was beginning to understand his thought processes.
•I will prove this to you by a process of elimination.
•Most of the process is automated.
•Protests disrupted the electoral process in the southern region.
•Removing the splinters from the wound was a long and painful process.
•She began the long process of clearing up all the reports.
•Students use thinking processes and skills to gain a knowledge of history.
•Teachers are trained to stimulate the child's cognitive processes.
•The Web facilitates an interactive process of learning.
•The by-laws are amended through the normal processes.
•The company doesn't have a formal complaints process.
•The entire process was completed in less than 24 hours.
•The selection process takes place over a period of two weeks.
•These processes require careful scheduling.
•They all have to go through a vetting process.
•This is part of the process by which musical works are created.
•a legal process for dealing with defrauders
•a painstaking process of trial and error
•a stalemate in the peace process
•calls for the law to regulate the warrant process effectively
•e-commerce solutions to streamline the process
•places where the process of urbanization is being reversed
•the bidding process for media rights
•the due process of law
•the long review process for his application
•the tedious process of creating receipts and invoices
•Find which food you are allergic to by a process of elimination.
•His job is to develop new products and processes.
•I was moving some furniture and I twisted my ankle in the process.
•I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.
•It's a normal part of the learning process.
•It's a simple process, but it can take some time.
•The process was invented in the 19th century.
•There is the whole consultation process that must be gone through.
•They are made using the most advanced manufacturing processes.
•We're in the process of selling our house.
•the Middle East peace process
•the digestive/ageing process
Derived Word: ↑processing
verb
1. ~ sth to treat raw material, food, etc. in order to change it, preserve it, etc
• Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.
•processed cheese
•a sewage processing plant
• I sent three rolls of film away to be processed.
2. ~ sth to deal officially with a document, request, etc
•It will take a week for your application to be processed.
3. ~ sth (computing)to perform a series of operations on data in a computer
see also ↑data processing, ↑word processing
Verb forms: 
Word Origin:
Middle English Old French proces Latin processus ‘progression, course’ procedere pro- ‘forward’ cedere ‘go’
Example Bank:
•It was a second later when I fully processed what he had said.
•My brain slowly processed the fact that I was free to leave.
•The berries are processed into juice or sauce.
•The image is processed digitally by computer software.
•The plant is then processed for dye.
•highly processed foods
•properly processed black-and-white photographs
•tobacco specially processed to reduce nicotine
•They are aiming to increase production from the meat processing plant.
•They use processed cheese in their cheeseburgers.
•When food is processed, many of the nutrients are stripped away.
▪ II. pro·cess 2 [process processes processed processing] BrE [prəˈses] NAmE [prəˈses] verb intransitive + adv./prep. (formal)
to walk or move along slowly in, or as if in, a ↑procession
•The bishop, priests and deacons processed slowly through the cathedral.
see also ↑process 1
Verb forms:
Word Origin:
early 19th cent. ↑procession
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