Tra từ file - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

file AW [file files filed filing] noun, verb BrE [faɪl] NAmE [faɪl]
noun

1. a box or folded piece of card for keeping loose papers together and in order
•a box file
• A stack of files awaited me on my desk.
2. a collection of information stored together in a computer, under a particular name
•to access/copy/create/delete/download/save a file
• Every file on the same disk must have a different name.
see also ↑PDF
3. a file and the information it contains, for example about a particular person or subject
•secret police files
• Your application will be kept on file (= in a file, to be used later).
•~ on sb to have/open/keep a confidential file on sb
• Police have reopened the file (= have started collecting information again) on the missing girl.
4. a metal tool with a rough surface for cutting or shaping hard substances or for making them smooth
see also ↑nail file
5. a line of people or things, one behind the other
•They set off in file behind the teacher.

Word Origin:
n. senses 1 to 3 and v. senses 1 to 3 late Middle English ‘string documents on a thread or wire to keep them in order’ French filer ‘to string’ fil ‘a thread’ Latin filum ‘a thread’ ↑file ‘line’ n. sense 5 and v. sense 4 late 16th cent. French file filer ‘to string’ n. sense 4 and v. sense 5 Old English fīl West Germanic Dutch vijl German Feile

Thesaurus:
file noun
1. C
•A stack of files lay on my desk.
folder • • binder • • envelope • • portfolio •
in a/an file/folder/binder/envelope/portfolio
open a/an file/folder/binder/envelope
a/an file/folder/binder/envelope/portfolio containing sth
2. C
•Confidential files on clients are kept for three years.
document • • papers • • paperwork • • archive/archives • |formal dossier • |technical deed •
a file/a document/the paperwork/a dossier on sb/sth
in a file/a document/the paperwork/the archives/a dossier
(a) personal/secret file/documents/papers/archive/dossier
keep a file/a document/papers/the paperwork/an archive/a dossier/the deeds

Example Bank:
•All the details of the transaction are on file.
•Data has been deleted from this file.
•Files are transferred between workstations.
•He had compiled a file of largely circumstantial evidence.
•I'll check the files for any information on the case.
•It is important to update customer files.
•Personnel files are kept in secure storage.
•Police have reopened the file on the missing girl.
•She closed the file and put it aside.
•She went to the filing cabinet and took out a file.
•The company keeps secret files on all its employees.
•The details of the incident will be entered into the file.
•The file on the murder was closed five years ago.
•The files are stored in Mac format.
•The names and addresses are all kept in computer files.
•The police already have a thick file on that family.
•The work involves preparing case files and attending court.
•You need a special password to access this file.
•Your application will be kept on file.
•deleting data from a file
•entering data into a file
•how to recover deleted files
•six box files bulging with notes
•the information contained in the police files
•the information held in this file
•to make/take a back-up file
•Confidential files on clients are kept for a maximum of three years.
•Exactly what information is kept in these files?
•He had prepared a file containing all the evidence.
•Hospitals would not allow patients access to their own case files.
•It's important to update your files regularly.
•Please add this document to your files.
•Some of the files had gone missing.
•The police were accused of keeping secret files on political activists.
•a file folder
•a lever arch/box file
Idiom: ↑single file

verb
1. transitive to put and keep documents, etc. in a particular place and in a particular order so that you can find them easily; to put a document into a file
•~ sth (+ adv./prep.) The forms should be filed alphabetically.
•Please file it in my ‘Research’ file.
•~ sth away I filed the letters away in a drawer.
2. intransitive, transitive (law)to present sth so that it can be officially recorded and dealt with
•~ for sth to file for divorce
•~ sth to file a claim/complaint/petition/lawsuit
•~ to do sth He filed to divorce his wife.
3. transitive ~ sth (of a journalist)to send a report or a story to your employer
4. intransitive + adv./prep. to walk in a line of people, one after the other, in a particular direction
•The doors of the museum opened and the visitors began to file in.
5. transitive ~ sth (away/down, etc.) to cut or shape sth or make sth smooth using a file
•to file your nails
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
n. senses 1 to 3 and v. senses 1 to 3 late Middle English ‘string documents on a thread or wire to keep them in order’ French filer ‘to string’ fil ‘a thread’ Latin filum ‘a thread’ ↑file ‘line’ n. sense 5 and v. sense 4 late 16th cent. French file filer ‘to string’ n. sense 4 and v. sense 5 Old English fīl West Germanic Dutch vijl German Feile

Example Bank:
•A copy of the notice must be filed with the court.
•He has now formally filed a complaint against the police.
•She mentally filed the name away for later.
•The card is filed alphabetically under the name of the editor.
•The long line of mourners filed silently past.
•These notes should be carefully filed away for future reference.
•to file for bankruptcy/divorce
•He filed a lawsuit against the company for $100 000 in damages.
•More than one correspondent filed a story describing the spectacle of a Cruise missile travelling up the street.
•Please file it in my ‘Research’ folder.
•She decided to file for divorce.
•The report was filed away in the archives.
•Wynne-Jones should be filed under ‘W’.

See also: ↑Indian file