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Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th
mortgage
mort·gage [mortgage mortgages mortgaged mortgaging] noun, verb BrE [ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ] NAmE [ˈmɔːrɡɪdʒ]
noun (also informal ˌhome ˈloan)
a legal agreement by which a bank or similar organization lends you money to buy a house, etc, and you pay the money back over a particular number of years; the sum of money that you borrow
•to apply for/take out/pay off a mortgage
•mortgage rates (= of interest)
•a mortgage on the house
•a mortgage of £60 000
•monthly mortgage payments
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, literally dead pledge, from mort (from Latin mortuus ‘dead’) + gage ‘pledge’.
Culture:
mortgages
Houses are expensive to buy and few people have enough money of their own. Most people have to take out a mortgage, a type of loan. In Britain people usually get a mortgage from a bank or a ↑building society; in the US they get one from a bank or a ↑savings and loan association. People usually put down a deposit (= pay a percentage of the price of the property) and borrow the rest, although some lenders will lend up to 100% of the amount needed. Mortgages are paid back in monthly payments over a period ranging from 15 to 30 years. The person borrowing the money has to pay interest on the loan, so that the final amount paid is considerably more than the amount of the loan itself. The security for the loan is the house itself. If a borrower fails to keep up payments, the house may be repossessed by the lender and sold so that they can get their money back.
There are different types of mortgages. With a fixed-rate mortgage, the amount of interest remains at a particular level and the monthly payments do not change. This type of mortgage is more popular in the US than Britain, where variable-rate mortgages (AmE usually adjustable-rate mortgages) are more common. With a variable-rate mortgage, the rate of interest can increase or decrease depending on the state of the economy. Another type of mortgage in Britain is the endowment mortgage: borrowers pay interest on the loan to the bank or building society and a fixed sum towards an endowment policy, a type of insurance policy which should pay a sum of money that will be used to repay the loan. Many people with endowment mortgages have suffered because the growth of the policy was not enough to repay the loan and they are no longer sold.
For many people, paying back a mortgage is their greatest financial burden. People talk of being ‘mortgaged up to the hilt’, meaning that their mortgage payments leave them with little money for anything else. It is possible to take out a second mortgage on a house. Another practice, called remortgaging (AmE refinancing) involves changing an existing mortgage to a different type offered by the lender or replacing it with a mortgage from another lender, usually in order to obtain a lower rate of interest.
House prices sometimes rise very fast and then fall again. Some people who buy a house when prices are high can become victims of negative equity. Equity means the part of the value of a house that the buyer owns, and negative equity means a situation in which the value of a house falls below the amount borrowed as a mortgage. This makes it impossible to sell the house without being left with debt.
Collocations:
Moving house
Renting
live in a rented/(especially NAmE) rental property
rent/share/move into a furnished house/(BrE) flat/(especially NAmE) apartment
rent a studio/(BrE) a studio flat/(especially NAmE) a studio apartment/(BrE) a bedsit
find/get a housemate/(BrE) a flatmate/(NAmE) a roommate
sign/break the lease/rental agreement/contract
extend/renew/terminate the lease/(BrE) tenancy
afford/pay the rent/the bills/(NAmE) the utilities
(especially BrE) fall behind with/ (especially NAmE) fall behind on the rent
pay/lose/return a damage deposit/(NAmE) security deposit
give/receive a month's/two-weeks' notice to leave/vacate the property
Being a landlord
have a flat/apartment/room (BrE) to let/(especially NAmE) for rent
rent (out)/lease (out)/ (BrE) let (out)/sublet a flat/apartment/house/property
collect/increase/raise the rent
evict the existing tenants
attract/find new/prospective tenants
invest in rental property/(BrE) property to let/(BrE) the buy-to-let market
Buying
buy/acquire/purchase a house/(a) property/(especially NAmE) (a piece of) prime real estate
call/contact/use (BrE) an estate agent/(NAmE) a Realtor™/(NAmE) a real estate agent/broker
make/ (BrE) put in an offer on a house
put down/save for (BrE) a deposit on a house
make/put/save for (especially NAmE) a down payment on a house/home
apply for/arrange/take out a mortgage/home loan
(struggle to) pay the mortgage
make/meet/keep up/cover the monthly mortgage payments/(BrE also) repayments
(BrE) repossess/ (especially NAmE) foreclose on sb's home/house
Selling
put your house/property on the market/up for sale/up for auction
increase/lower your price/the asking price
have/hold/hand over the deed/(especially BrE) deeds of/to the house, land, etc.
Example Bank:
•He didn't earn enough to support his family and pay the mortgage.
•He raised the money by taking out a second mortgage on his house.
•He wasn't earning enough to pay the mortgage.
•I couldn't get a mortgage on the property.
•There are penalties if you want to redeem your mortgage early.
•They fell behind with/on their mortgage, so their home was repossessed.
•They were having trouble getting a mortgage.
•They were struggling to keep up with their mortgage payments.
•We have a big mortgage.
•We'll have to take out a second mortgage to pay for this holiday!
•We've got a big mortgage.
•a mortgage of $800 000
•a rise in mortgage rates
•mortgage interest payments
•Fortunately we've already paid off our mortgage.
•He's been having trouble keeping up with his monthly mortgage repayments.
•Mortgage rates are up again this month.
verb ~ sth
to give a bank, etc. the legal right to own your house, land, etc. if you do not pay the money back that you have borrowed from the bank to buy the house or land
•He had to mortgage his house to pay his legal costs.
Verb forms: 
Word Origin:
late Middle English: from Old French, literally dead pledge, from mort (from Latin mortuus ‘dead’) + gage ‘pledge’.
See also: ↑home loan
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