Tra từ army - Từ điển Oxford Learners Wordfinder Dictionary

1 people in an army
2 how an army is organized
3 things that soldiers use
4 working in the army
see also AIR FORCE, NAVY, WAR

1 people in an army
- the military forces of a country that are trained to fight on land: army
- a member of an army: soldier
- soldiers: troops (noun plural)
Thousands of troops have been stationed in the town.
- a person who gives orders to others in the army, navy, air force, etc: officer
- a person who is not a member of an army, etc: civilian
Civilians as well as soldiers were killed in the fighting.
※ joining and leaving an army
- when you become a member of the army, etc, you join up
Sergeant Andrews joined up five years ago. ◎ My grandfather joined up at the start of the war.
- to get sb to join the army, etc: recruit sb; the process of getting people to join the army: recruitment (noun U)
The army is recruiting more women than before. ◎ an army recruitment centre
- a person who has just joined the army: recruit
- a permanent member of the army: regular (soldier)
- a person who is forced to join the army: conscript (AmE draftee)
- if sb orders you to join the army, etc you are called up, (formal) conscripted (AmE drafted) (into sth); the system of making people join the army: conscription (noun U) (AmE the draft)
The government has called up all men between the ages of 18 and 35.
- a person who joins the army without being forced to: volunteer
- to leave the army without permission: desert; noun (C/U): desertion
He deserted after three years' service. ◎ to be shot for desertion
- a person who leaves his/her duties in the army without permission: deserter
- a person who used to serve in the army, especially during a war: veteran
World War II veterans
※ different kinds of soldiers
- the part of the army which fights on foot: the infantry (noun U, with singular or plural verb)
- the part of the army which fights in fast, heavily protected vehicles (in the past they fought on horseback): the cavalry (noun U, with singular or plural verb)
- the part of the army which fights using large guns: the artillery (noun U)
- soldiers who are trained to drop from aeroplanes by parachute: paratroops (noun plural); one of these soldiers: paratrooper
- a soldier who fights on land and at sea: marine
- one of a group of soldiers which is trained to make quick attacks in enemy areas: commando (plural commandos)
- a group of soldiers who protect sb/sth: guard
the presidential guard
- a soldier who fights for any country or organization that will pay him/her: mercenary
※ ranks in the British army
- officers (starting with the highest rank) are: Field Marshal, General, Brigadier, Colonel, Major, Captain, Lieutenant
- other ranks are: Sergeant, Corporal, Private
- to give sb a higher rank: promote sb; noun (C/U): promotion
He was promoted from Lieutenant to Captain. ◎ I'm hoping for promotion soon.
- to give sb a lower rank as a punishment: demote sb; noun (C/U): demotion

2 how an army is organized
- a group of soldiers, etc who are trained for a particular purpose: force
a United Nations peace-keeping force
- armies are divided into smaller units; (starting with the largest) these include: division, brigade, regiment, battalion, company, platoon
- a small group of soldiers who work or are trained together: squad
- a group of soldiers who guard a town or building: garrison
The Romans had a garrison at Colchester.
※ places where soldiers live and operate
- a building or group of buildings where soldiers live: barracks (noun plural)
The fighting stopped and the soldiers returned to barracks.
- the room or building where soldiers eat together: mess (AmE also mess hall)
the officers' mess
- a place where soldiers live and are trained: camp
- a military centre from where armed forces operate: base
- an administrative centre of an army, etc: headquarters (noun plural) (abbreviation HQ)

3 things that soldiers use
※ clothes and personal equipment
- a special set of clothes that soldiers, etc wear: uniform (noun C/U)
to wear a uniform ◎ Was he in uniform when you saw him?
- a hat that soldiers, etc wear on their heads for protection in battle: helmet
- a small piece of metal or cloth with a design on it that is put on soldiers' uniforms to show their rank: badge
- a flat piece of metal with a design on it that is given to soldiers and others for bravery, long service, etc: medal
- all the clothes and other equipment that a soldier needs: kit (noun U)
※ army vehicles and weapons
- a container that is filled with material that will explode if it is thrown, dropped, etc: bomb
- a weapon that is used for shooting: gun
※ more on bombs, guns and other weapons BOMB, GUN, WEAPON
- a thick metal which covers army vehicles, warships etc to protect them from enemy bombs and bullets: armour (AmE armor)(noun U); a vehicle or ship that has armour is armoured (AmE armored)
an armoured car
- a large heavy military vehicle covered in armour and armed with guns, that moves on special wheels: tank
- a small, strong, vehicle used for travelling over rough ground: jeep

4 working in the army
- to work for the army, etc as a soldier: serve (in/with sth); work done as a soldier: service (noun U)
During the war my uncle served in the Parachute Regiment. ◎ He saw active service in many different parts of the world.
- a period of time that a young person must spend in his/her country's army, etc: military service (noun U), national service (noun U)
He's doing his military service. ◎ I'm about to be called up for national service.
- to send a soldier, etc to work in a place: post sb to a place; a place where a soldier must stay when he/she is working: post
He's not sure where he's going to be posted next. ◎ Many of the soldiers had deserted their posts.
- to control or be in charge of sb/sth: command sb/sth, be in command (of sb/sth)
a general commanding thirty thousand troops ◎ Who is in command of this platoon?
- an officer who is in command of a group of soldiers: commanding officer
- an instruction to do sth: order; to give an order: order sb (to do sth)
The night before the battle they were given their orders.
- to walk with regular steps: march; noun: march
The men were marching up and down the parade ground. ◎ It was a long march up the hill.
- an occasion when soldiers march together for an inspection, a ceremony, etc: parade; taking part in a parade: on parade; to take part in a parade: parade
The returning soldiers paraded through the town.
- a place where soldiers stand to be inspected, etc: parade ground
- when a soldier stands upright with his/her feet together, he/she stands*/comes* to attention
- when a soldier stands in a relaxed way, with his/her feet apart, he/she stands* at ease
- the command to stop marching: Halt!
- to show respect by raising your hand to your forehead: salute (sb); noun: salute
Always salute a superior officer! ◎ a smart salute