gall

Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

gall [gall galls galled galling] noun, verb BrE [ɡɔːl] NAmE [ɡɔːl]
noun
1. rude behaviour showing a lack of respect that is surprising because the person behaving badly is not embarrassed
Syn: ↑impudence
•Then they had the gall to complain!
•I almost admired the utter gall of the man.
2. (formal)a bitter feeling full of hatred
Syn: ↑resentment
•words full of venom and gall
3. a swelling on plants and trees caused by insects, disease, etc.
4. (old-fashioned) = ↑bile

Word Origin:
n. sense 1 and n. sense 4 Old English gealla Germanic Dutch gal German Galle ‘gall’ Indo-European Greek kholē Latin fel ‘bile’ v. and n. sense 2 Old English gealle ‘sore on a horse’ ↑gall ‘rude behaviour’ Middle English Middle Low German Middle Dutch n. sense 3 Middle English Old French Latin galla
 
verb ~ sb | it galls sb to do sth | it galls sb that…
to make sb feel upset and angry, especially because sth is unfair
•It galls me to have to apologize to her.
see also ↑galling
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
n. sense 1 and n. sense 4 Old English gealla Germanic Dutch gal German Galle ‘gall’ Indo-European Greek kholē Latin fel ‘bile’ v. and n. sense 2 Old English gealle ‘sore on a horse’ ↑gall ‘rude behaviour’ Middle English Middle Low German Middle Dutch n. sense 3 Middle English Old French Latin galla
 

• Từ đồng nghĩa / Synonyms:
  crust, impertinence, impudence, insolence, cheekiness, freshness, bile, resentment, bitterness, rancor, rancour, saddle sore, irk, chafe, fret